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Testing Vocabulary - Page 3


Histogram
A graphical description of individually measured values in a data set that is organized according to the frequency or relative frequency of occurrence. A histogram illustrates the shape of the distribution of individual values in a data set along with information regarding the average and variation.

Inspection
A formal assessment of a work product conducted by one or more qualified independent reviewers to detect defects, violations of development standards, and other problems. Inspections involve authors only when specific questions concerning deliverables exist. An inspection identifies defects, but does not attempt to correct them. Authors take corrective actions and arrange follow-up reviews as needed.

Integration Testing
This test begins after two or more programs or application components have been successfully unit tested. It is conducted by the development team to validate the interaction or communication/flow of information between the individual components which will be integrated.

Life Cycle Testing
The process of verifying the consistency, completeness, and correctness of software at each stage of the development life cycle.

Pass/Fail Criteria
Decision rules used to determine whether a software item or feature passes or fails a test.

Path Testing
A test method satisfying the coverage criteria that each logical path through the program be tested. Often, paths through the program are grouped into a finite set of classes and one path from each class is tested.

Performance Test
Validates that both the online response time and batch run times meet the
defined performance requirements.

Policy
Managerial desires and intents concerning either process (intended objectives) or products (desired attributes).

Population Analysis
Analyzes production data to identify, independent from the specifications, the types and frequency of data that the system will have to process/produce. This verifies that the specs can handle types and frequency of actual data and can be used to create validation tests.

Procedure
The step-by-step method followed to ensure that standards are met.

Process
1. The work effort that produces a product. This includes efforts of people and equipment guided by policies, standards, and procedures.
2. A statement of purpose and an essential set of practices (activities) that address that purpose.

Proof of Correctness
The use of mathematical logic techniques to show that a relationship between program variables assumed true at program entry implies that another relationship between program variables holds at program exit.

Quality
A product is a quality product if it is defect free. To the producer, a product is a quality product if it meets or conforms to the statement of requirements that defines the product. This statement is usually shortened to: quality means meets requirements. From a customer’s perspective, quality means “fit for use.”

Quality Assurance (QA)
Deals with 'prevention' of defects in the product being developed.It is associated with a process.The set of support activities (including facilitation, training, measurement, and analysis) needed to provide adequate confidence that processes are established and continuously improved to produce products that meet specifications and
are fit for use.

Quality Control (QC)
Its focus is defect detection and removal. Testing is a quality control activity

Quality Improvement
To change a production process so that the rate at which defective products (defects) are produced is reduced. Some process changes may require the product to be changed.

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