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Why software has to be tested?
Why software has to be tested?
Well, the simple reason is development 'process' is unable to produce defect free software.Even if the process produces defect free software, how do you know until you test it.Will you get enough confidence that it will work without testing it. I dont think so.

Testing not only identifies and reports defects but also measures the quality of the product which helps to decide whether to release the product or not.

Coming to why development process is unable to product defect free software, blame it on the ever increasting complexity of the software products and on process variation.

What circumstances lead to bugs?
The following are some of the circumstances that cause bugs in a product

  1. Incorrect capturing of user needs
  2. Misinterpretation of requirements by developers
  3. Incorrect or inadequate translation of requirements to design
  4. Incorrect or inadequate translation of design to code
  5. Tests fail to detect a bug because of inadequate coverage
  6. Regression issues: The fix of one bug lead to another bug

How to reduce the number of defects in a software product even before it goes to system testing?
I can think of two ways

  1. Reduce the development process variation. Make the process as consistent as possible by continously improving it.
  2. Catch the defects as early as possible by practising life cycle testing
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